{"id":1554,"date":"2023-03-08T10:09:08","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T09:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bundesstiftung-friedensforschung.de\/en\/2023\/03\/08\/targeting-how-the-usa-and-eu-use-individual-sanctions-insa\/"},"modified":"2025-09-24T18:00:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T16:00:14","slug":"targeting-how-the-usa-and-eu-use-individual-sanctions-insa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bundesstiftung-friedensforschung.de\/en\/2023\/03\/08\/targeting-how-the-usa-and-eu-use-individual-sanctions-insa\/","title":{"rendered":"Targeting: How the USA and EU Use Individual Sanctions (INSA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13e2ky-9465525e248eee6f29ac6167b20d554f\">\n.flex_column.av-13e2ky-9465525e248eee6f29ac6167b20d554f{\nbackground-color:#f2f2f2;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-13e2ky-9465525e248eee6f29ac6167b20d554f av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bfyke7-9b610966136dd7f83d7b79586ae4bf9d\">\n.av_font_icon.av-bfyke7-9b610966136dd7f83d7b79586ae4bf9d{\ncolor:#0a0a0a;\nborder-color:#0a0a0a;\n}\n.avia-svg-icon.av-bfyke7-9b610966136dd7f83d7b79586ae4bf9d svg:first-child{\nstroke:#0a0a0a;\nfill:#0a0a0a;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-bfyke7-9b610966136dd7f83d7b79586ae4bf9d .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-bfyke7-9b610966136dd7f83d7b79586ae4bf9d avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-svg-icon avia-font-svg_entypo-fontello avia-icon-animate'><a href='https:\/\/bundesstiftung-friedensforschung.de\/en\/forschungsprojekte-fb-1\/'   class='av-icon-char' data-av_svg_icon='left-open' data-av_iconset='svg_entypo-fontello' data-avia-icon-tooltip=\"&lt;br \/&gt;\nBack to FB1&lt;br \/&gt;\n\"><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"11\" height=\"32\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 32\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-labelledby='av-svg-title-1' aria-describedby='av-svg-desc-1' role=\"graphics-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"false\">\n<title id='av-svg-title-1'>Left-open<\/title>\n<desc id='av-svg-desc-1'>Left-open<\/desc>\n<path d=\"M7.744 7.168q0.448-0.512 1.248-0.512t1.312 0.512q1.216 1.152 0 2.56l-5.952 6.272 5.952 6.208q1.216 1.408 0 2.56-0.512 0.512-1.28 0.512t-1.28-0.512l-7.232-7.552q-0.512-0.512-0.512-1.216 0-0.768 0.512-1.28 6.592-6.848 7.232-7.552z\"><\/path>\n<\/svg><\/a><\/span><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9sp08y-d40cddbecefec4ce74e7372331654ab8\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-9sp08y-d40cddbecefec4ce74e7372331654ab8{\nheight:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-9sp08y-d40cddbecefec4ce74e7372331654ab8 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_font_icon  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-meph4haf-846989fe10c5ed2497e39fea83cd3e59\">\n.avia-section.av-meph4haf-846989fe10c5ed2497e39fea83cd3e59{\nmargin-top:-50px;\nmargin-bottom:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-meph4haf-846989fe10c5ed2497e39fea83cd3e59 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_hr  fade-up-section avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-1554'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-7oyo3m-91144014966d8307ffb397120a203f91 sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable shadow-not-animated'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7oyo3m-91144014966d8307ffb397120a203f91\">\n@-webkit-keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-7oyo3m-91144014966d8307ffb397120a203f91-row {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #e2e2e2; 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Euro<br \/>\n<strong>Duration:<\/strong> 30 month<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cgkanz-083a61697400f3c0f9e45a55b6cc1940\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-cgkanz-083a61697400f3c0f9e45a55b6cc1940{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-cgkanz-083a61697400f3c0f9e45a55b6cc1940 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-3jn0gf-15448d95828e6eb49f7f4ca568e5cd8a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Publikations<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.giga-hamburg.de\/de\/forschung-und-transfer\/projekte\/targeting-how-the-usa-and-eu-use-individual-sanctions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Project homepage GIGA<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>von Soest, Christian<\/strong>. 2024.\u00a0<em>Sanktionen: M\u00e4chtige Waffe oder hilfloses Man\u00f6ver?\u00a0<\/em>Frankfurt: Frankfurter Allgemeine Buch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>von Soest, Christian<\/strong>. 2024.\u00a0International Actors and Autocratization. In\u00a0<em>The Routledge Handbook of Autocratiztion, Hrsg.\u00a0<\/em>Aurel Croissant und\u00a0Luca Tomini,<span class=\"contributor-unlinked\" data-testid=\"author-name\">\u00a0253-266, London:\u00a0Routledge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>von Soest, Christian<\/strong>. 2024.\u00a0Pressure Proofing: How Authoritarian Regimes Respond to Sanctions. In\u00a0<em>Research Handbook on Authoritarianism, Hrsg.\u00a0<\/em><span class=\"contributor-unlinked\" data-testid=\"author-name\">Natasha Lindstaedt und\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"contributor-unlinked\" data-testid=\"author-name\">Jeroen J.J. den Bosch,\u00a0300-315, Cheltenham:\u00a0Edward Elgar Publishing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>von Soest, Christian<\/strong>. 2024.\u00a0Die Zukunft der Sanktionen. In: <em>Internationale Politik, 79\/01. <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/internationalepolitik.de\/de\/die-zukunft-der-sanktionen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Individual sanctions have become a go-to instrument with which Western powers confront challenges to international peace and security. Shaping the trend of individualizing accountability, the United States (USA) and the European Union (EU) as the main bilateral global sanction senders list individuals and entities to hold them accountable for the instigation of armed conflict, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, or the violation of human rights. INSA seeks to systematically analyze and compare the listing decisions of the USA and the EU. The project\u2019s principal research questions are: (1) <em>Which<\/em> individuals and entities are selected as targets and put on sanctions lists? (2) <em>How <\/em>are these individuals and entities selected? And (3) <em>Why<\/em> are specific individuals and entities selected as sanction targets by the USA and EU?<\/p>\n<p>The US and EU sanctions lists are now hundreds of pages long. However, the use of individual sanctions varies considerably: For instance, the US and the EU swiftly imposed repeated sanctions packages on Russian nationals and entities to counter the country\u2019s February 2022 military invasion of Ukraine. Yet major discrepancies between senders remain, namely when it comes to the number of listed individuals and entities as well as of listed so-called oligarchs with close links to the Kremlin. We are currently unable to systematically account for this variance in the selection of individual sanctions targets either in this case or beyond.<\/p>\n<p>To help overcome these shortcomings, INSA will use and further develop an original theoretical model that incorporates (1) trigger events, (2) issue areas, (3) sender traits, and (4) target characteristics within one unified framework. Empirically, the project will apply a multimethod research design that combines the advantages of broad statistical comparisons with in-depth investigation of decision-makers\u2019 considerations. In its first analytical step, INSA will use computational text analysis of US and EU sanctions lists to construct a database on the number and position of listed individuals and entities. This will allow for the tracking of the dynamic listing patterns and for multivariate analysis of the factors that shape the listings. In the complementary second analytical step, qualitative analysis will help reconstruct the decision-making processes that drive the listings in four sanctions regimes. Qualitative interviews will focus on <em>how <\/em>listing decisions are made. In addition, the project will investigate whether listings are mandated by the United Nations as well as the relationship between individual and entity listings.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div class='flex_column_table av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable shadow-not-animated'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb\">\n@-webkit-keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb-row {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #e2e2e2; opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 10px 0 #e2e2e2; opacity: 1; }\n}\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb-row {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #e2e2e2; opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 10px 0 #e2e2e2; opacity: 1; }\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb{\n-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #e2e2e2;\n-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #e2e2e2;\nbox-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #e2e2e2;\n}\n.flex_column.av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb{\nborder-width:1px;\nborder-color:#ffffff;\nborder-style:solid;\n-webkit-border-radius:15px 0px 0px 15px;\n-moz-border-radius:15px 0px 0px 15px;\nborder-radius:15px 0px 0px 15px;\npadding:20px 20px 20px 20px;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-588v8y-3ca96f970525538ddebb85cf50f1fadb av_one_half  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first no_margin flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7sybzhu-7601d3b38989aac939d80aa934a30f77 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Internationaler Workshop<br \/>\n\u201eThe Use and Effects of (Individual) Sanctions\u201c<\/h2>\n<p>Am 21. und 22. November 2024 fand ein Workshop mit 19 Teilnehmenden aus den USA, Schweden, Australien und Deutschland statt. Veranstaltet wurde das Event vom German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) in Berlin (und online), unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Christian von Soest, gef\u00f6rdert wurde es von der Deutschen Stiftung Friedensforschung (DSF). Kerngedanke des Workshops war es, aktuelle Theorien und empirische Untersuchungen zu individuellen und sektoralen Sanktionen in einen Dialog zu bringen. In f\u00fcnf Panels wurden 14 wissenschaftliche Paper pr\u00e4sentiert und diskutiert. Die Panels behandelten Themen wie die Messung von Individualsanktionen, die Auswirkungen von Sanktionen auf Unternehmen, den Einfluss der \u00f6ffentlichen Meinung auf die Nutzung von Zwangsmitteln, und Sanktionen gegen Verb\u00fcndete.<\/p>\n<h2>GIGA Talk<br \/>\n\u201eDie Zukunft von Sanktionen nach den US-Wahlen\u201c<\/h2>\n<p>Am Abend des 21. Novembers 2024 fand im Rahmen des Workshops ein GIGA Talk zur Zukunft der Sanktionen nach den US-Wahlen stand. Hochrangige Experten und Expertinnen, unter anderem aus dem Ausw\u00e4rtigen Amt, diskutierten die zunehmende Bedeutung von Sanktionen als au\u00dfenpolitischem Instrument. Themen waren die transatlantische Zusammenarbeit, neue Trends im Sanktionsdesign sowie die internationale Legitimation solcher Ma\u00dfnahmen.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4mcrc2-96f69fd60715ead3b4e4a28947667601\">\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-4mcrc2-96f69fd60715ead3b4e4a28947667601{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-4mcrc2-96f69fd60715ead3b4e4a28947667601{\nborder-width:1px;\nborder-color:#ffffff;\nborder-style:solid;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 15px 15px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 15px 15px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 15px 15px 0px;\npadding:20px 20px 20px 20px;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4mcrc2-96f69fd60715ead3b4e4a28947667601 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  no_margin flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7syecoc-9526e32ecbe307b5aa68cf2b16b8897f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18515 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/bundesstiftung-friedensforschung.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/INSA-Workshop-2-1030x773.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"773\" \/><br \/>\n\u00a9 GIGA<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-1554'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2qu7c2-cb1e8ef0936d3ff5af82f0918fc6aff1\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-2qu7c2-cb1e8ef0936d3ff5af82f0918fc6aff1{\nheight:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-2qu7c2-cb1e8ef0936d3ff5af82f0918fc6aff1 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><\/br><\/br><b><br \/>\nTargeting: How the USA and EU Use Individual Sanctions (INSA)<\/p>\n<p><\/b><\/br>Profile project<\/br><\/p>\n<p>2022, duration 30 month<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aktuelle-forschungsprojekte","category-foerderarchiv-2022-fb1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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